Why Pope Francis Ended the Three-Coffin Tradition for Popes

Pope Francis, who passed away on April 21, 2025, at the age of 88, has been laid to rest in a simple wooden coffin with a zinc lining, breaking away from the traditional three-coffin setup used for papal burials. This decision reflects his commitment to modesty and modernizing church traditions.

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The late pope’s funeral rites were simplified, with his body laid to rest at the Basilica of St. Mary Major in Rome, a site dedicated to Mary, the Mother of God. Pope Francis had a deep devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary and had often visited the basilica to pray before the Salus Populi Romani icon. He even arranged for his burial to be covered by a benefactor’s donation to the basilica, further emphasizing his humility.

According to Monsignor Diego Ravelli, the Vatican’s liturgical chief, Pope Francis wanted to emphasize that his funeral was that of a shepherd and a disciple, not a worldly monarch. “I don’t want to be buried like a king,” the Pope had said, opting for a single wooden coffin instead of the traditional three-coffin setup.

The traditional setup, which consisted of three nested coffins, each with its own deep symbolism, was discarded in favor of a more modest approach. The first coffin was typically made of cypress wood, symbolizing humility and mortality. The second layer was made of lead or zinc, preserving important documents and seals. The third coffin was a strong oak or elm box sealed with golden nails and engraved with a large golden cross.

Pope Francis’ decision to opt for a simpler burial reflects his papacy’s emphasis on humility, kindness, and service. Throughout his tenure, he had consistently chosen simplicity over spectacle, from refusing luxury cars to ditching the papal palace for a modest apartment.

As the world mourns the passing of Pope Francis, his legacy will continue to inspire millions worldwide. His message of simplicity, kindness, and humility will live on long after his passing, serving as a reminder of the values that truly matter.